Abstract: ob＜x＞jective To explore the correlation between Hb level and risk of DF in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 145 inpatients with T2DM were recruited from Endocrinology Department, the Affiliated Huaian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from June 1, 2018 to March 30, 2020. They were divided into DF group and non-DF group according to the presence or absence of DF. The basic data of patients were obtained and their blood sample was collected to the biochemical center of our hospital to detect biochemical and blood routine related indicators. Independent sample t test and Chi-square test were used to compare the differences between the two groups. The correlation of various clinical indicators with DF risk were evaluated by single-factor binary logistic regression analysis. And multi-factor binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between Hb level and DF risk. Results The duration of diabetes, serum creatinine(Scr), and C-reactive protein(CRP)in the DF group were significantly higher than those in the non-DF group(P<0.05). On the contrary, the estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR），hemoglobin (Hb）, albumin(Alb）, and total cholesterol (TC)were inversely lower than those in the non-DF group(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in age, gender, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FPG), triacylglycerol (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high Comparison of density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) between the two groups (P>0.05). According to eGFR level, All subjects were divided into two groups: eGFR≥90mL/(min*1.73m2) and eGFR<90mL/(min*1.73m2). Hb and Alb, two protective factors, had a positive impact on the occurrence and development of DF, especially in people that their eGFR was greater than or equal to 90mL/(min*1.73m2)(P<0.05). As the lower the Hb and Alb were, the higher the incidence of the DF was. However, no significance was found between these indicators and DF in the group that eGFR less than 90mL/(min*1.73m2) (P>0.05). Conclusion The Hb level of T2DM patients is a protective factor of DF and low Hb is an independent risk factor of DF. The study may provide clinical theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of DF.（Clinical trial registration agency:Ethics Committee of Huai’an Second People’s Hospital Clinical trial number: HEYLL201924）