Abstract: ob＜x＞jective To analyze the feasibility and application of artificial intelligence (AI) assisted cervical cytology screening combining with HPV detection in free cervical cancer screening for rural women in Xuzhou. Methods Data of free cervical cancer screening for women aged 35-64 in one county of Xuzhou from May 2019 to November 2021 were collected. According to different detection methods, patients were divided into three groups: artificial reading cytology screening group (artificial group), artificial intelligence-assisted cervical cytology screening group (AI group), and artificial intelligence-assisted cervical cytology combing with HPV screening group (AI+HPV group). The positive rate of abnormal cytology screening results (≥ASCUS ) were compared between artificial and AI reading groups . The positive rates of histopathological examination were compared among all three groups. The diagnostic coincident rates of cytology and pathology were also analyzed. Results The rates of abnormal cytology and positive pathology in group with AI assistance were significantly higher than those in artificial group (P<0.001). In detail, if HSIL was defined as positive pathology, the positive rate of ASCUS in AI+HPV group was the highest compared with the other two groups (P<0.001). If LSIL was defined as positive pathology, the positive rates of ASCUS in AI group and AI+HPV group were higher than artifical group (P<0.001). Conclusion AI-assisted cervical cytology screening technology can improve the detection rates of abnormal cytology and cervical precancerous lesions. In addition, AI-assisted cervical cytology combining with high-risk HPV screening reduces the referral rate of colposcopy and improves the diagnostic coincidence rate between cytology and biopsy pathology.Key words: Cervical cancer; Cervical cancer screening; Artificial intelligence; Cytology; HPV