Abstract: ob＜x＞jective To compare the weight loss, hypoglycemic efficacy and postoperative nutritional status of sleeve gastrectomy-transit bipartition (SG-TB) and biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS) in obese diabetic rat model. Methods Obese rats with type 2 diabetes were induced by intraperitoneal injection of high-fat diet for 1 month combined with low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg). Twenty-four successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into SG-TB group, BPD-DS group and sham operation (SHAM) group, with 8 rats in each group. The food intake and body weight of the rats were measured every month from preoperative to 3 months postoperatively; the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level and oral glucose tolerance were detected every month from preoperative to 3 months postoperatively in each group. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin resistance test (ITT); glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) and insulin were detected before surgery and at 1 and 3 months after surgery, and the steady state was calculated at the same time Model insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. Serum levels of albumin (albumin, ALB), calcium (Ca), ferrum (Fe), and vitamin B 12 (VB 12) were detected before surgery and at 1 and 3 months after surgery, and the differences in malnutrition were compared. Results ① There was no significant difference in preoperative body weight among the three groups, but the SG-TB group and BPD-DS group were significantly lower than the SHAM group at each month postoperatively (P<0.05), and the SG-TB group was significantly lower than the BPD-DS group (P<0.05). P<0.05). ②There was no significant difference in preoperative food intake and FBG among the three groups, and the SG-TB group and BPD-DS group were significantly lower than those in the SHAM group at each month postoperatively (P<0.05). ③ There was no significant difference in the improvement of blood glucose between the SG-TB group and the BPD-DS group (P>0.05), both of which were better than the SHAM group (P<0.05). The AUC values ??of OGTT and ITT blood glucose levels in SG-TB group and BPD-DS group were significantly lower than those in SHAM group at each month postoperatively (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the SG-TB group and the BPD-DS group after surgery (P>0.05). ④There was no significant difference in AUC value and HOMA-IR of GLP-1 level between SG-TB and BPD-DS group postoperatively (P>0.05). The AUC value of Insulin level in BPD-DS group was significantly lower than that in SG-TB group at 1 month postoperatively (P<0.05). ⑤ The albumin content of BPD-DS group was significantly lower than that of SG-TB and SHAM groups postoperatively (P<0.05), and the albumin content of SG-TB group was significantly lower than that of SHAM group only at 1 month postoperatively (P<0.05); There was no significant difference in Fe, Ca and VB 12 levels between post-SG-TB group and BPD-DS group (P>0.05). Conclusion The SG-TB group is easy to operate and has similar effect in improving blood glucose as the BPD-DS group, but the risk of malnutrition is slightly lower than that of the BPD-DS group.