Abstract: ob＜x＞jective To explore the value of serum omentin-1 and vaspin levels in early warning of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Method A total of 101 patients with gestational diabetes who underwent routine prenatal check-ups, of which 46 were obese before pregnancy and 55 were normal before pregnancy. Those who did not have gestational diabetes during the same period were selected. 161 pregnant women, the serum levels of omentin-1, Chemerin, leptin, APN and vaspin in the first trimester (13 weeks of gestation) were detected. After the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), the blood glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin and blood lipid levels were measured, and the homeostasis model was calculated to evaluate homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results The BMI1, BMI2, and BMI3 of the GDM combined with pre-pregnancy normal weight group were significantly lower than the GDM combined with pre-pregnancy obesity group; the BMI3 of the normal glucose tolerance group during pregnancy was significantly lower than the GDM combined with pre-pregnancy normal weight group and GDM combined with pre-pregnancy obesity group (P<0.05); The fasting blood glucose, 2h postprandial blood glucose and HOMA-IR of the GDM combined with normal weight before pregnancy were significantly lower than those of the GDM combined prepregnancy obesity group; the fasting blood glucose, 2h postprandial blood glucose, HbA1c and HOMA-IR of the normal glucose tolerance group during pregnancy were significantly lower than those of GDM combined Pre-pregnancy normal weight group, GDM combined pre-pregnancy obesity group (P<0.05); GDM combined pre-pregnancy normal weight group Vaspin and Chemerin were significantly lower than GDM combined pre-pregnancy obesity group, Omentin-1 was significantly higher than GDM combined pre-pregnancy obesity group; glucose tolerance during pregnancy Vaspin and Chemerin in the normal group were significantly lower than those in the GDM combined with pre-pregnancy normal weight group and GDM combined with pre-pregnancy obesity group. APN and Omentin-1 were significantly higher than GDM combined with pre-pregnancy normal weight group and GDM combined with pre-pregnancy obesity group (P<0.05); The total cholesterol in the normal tolerance group was significantly higher than that of the GDM combined with pre-pregnancy normal weight group and GDM combined with pre-pregnancy obesity group (P<0.05); it was found that HOMA-IR and Vaspin and Omentin-1 levels in early pregnancy were independent predictors of gestational diabetes. Conclusion Patients with gestational diabetes mellitus show glucose and lipid me＜x＞tabolism disorders, insulin resistance and high levels of Vaspin, low levels of Omentin-1, and obese patients often have unbalanced glucose and lipid me＜x＞tabolism, more severe insulin resistance, and high levels of Vaspin and Omentin- in the first trimester. 1 Low levels are more likely to indicate the occurrence of gestational diabetes.