Abstract: Aortic aneurysm/dissection(AA/D) is caused by dilation of the aorta (aortic aneurysm) or intimal tear (dissection) for various reasons. It is a kind of acute and critical cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) with high mortality. From inside to outside, the vascular wall is composed of intima composed of endothelial cells (ECs), meso membrane composed of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and adventitia composed of connective tissue. Vascular intima not only has the function of selective barrier, but also regulates the function of vascular intima SMCs through synthesis and secretion of a variety of bioactive molecules and me＜x＞talloproteinase, which is an important factor determining vascular activity and architecture. In this paper, we reviewed and summarized the effects of ECs on proliferation, migration and phenotype of SMCs by secreting bioactive substances, Myoendothelial gap junctions (MEGJ) and Extracellular matrix (ECM), and analyzed the pathogenesis of AA/D, providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of vascular remodeling diseases.