Abstract: ob＜x＞jective To explore the clinicopathological characteristics, prognostic factors and effective treatment modalities of primary gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PGI-DLBCL). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data, treatment modalities and survival of 52 patients with PGI-DLBCL seen at the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from June 2013 to November 2021, and analyzed the survival prognosis of 39 patients who could be followed up. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival prognosis analysis, and the Log-rank test was used for single-factor group comparison, and the Cox regression model was used for multi-factor analysis. Results Univariate analysis showed that LDH level, Lugano stage, whether the tumor involved multiple sites and whether the lesion was completely resected were associated with the prognosis of PGI-DLBCL patients (p<0.05). Multi-factor Cox regression analysis showed that elevated LDH level, Lugano stage IIE-IV and tumor involvement at multiple sites were independent risk factors for the prognosis of PGI-DLBCL patients (p<0.05). Conclusion Complete resection of the lesion may improve the survival of PGI-DLBCL patients, and whether to combine chemotherapy and the choice of options need to be further investigated. patients with PGI-DLBCL with elevated LDH levels, late Lugano stage and tumor involvement in multiple sites in the gastrointestinal tract have a poorer prognosis.