Abstract: ob＜x＞jective To investigate the relationship between hemoglobin (HB) level and neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and early condition judgment and prognosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods 353 patients with TBI were included in the study. 167 cases of progressive intracranial hemorrhage were classified as P HI group, and 186 cases of non progressive craniocerebral injury were classified as non P HI group. There were 126 patients with STBI. The prognosis was evaluated according to GOS. There were 77 cases in the good group with ≥ 4 points and 49 cases in the poor group with < 4 points. Calculate the Hb level and NLR of each patient, and analyze their predictive value in early condition judgment and prognosis. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the difference of NLR ratio (the higher) was an independent risk factor for PHI after TBI (or = 1.422. P = 0.006). Neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio can be used as a risk factor for PHI after traumatic brain injury, and has a stable predictive value for the early diagnosis of the disease after traumatic brain injury. The experiment also found that the hemoglobin level of patients with craniocerebral injury decreased to a certain extent. Compared with patients without phi, the hemoglobin level in pHi group decreased more significantly. The hemoglobin level has a certain correlation with Phi after TBI and can also indicate the degree of blood poverty, but multivariate data analysis shows that the hemoglobin level does not have a stable and reliable prediction effect on phi, It has only certain reference value (P > 0.05). In the continuous study of STBI patients with GCS score < 8, we found that there were significant differences in Hb level and NLR ratio between the neurologic outcome group with good prognosis and the neurologic outcome group with poor prognosis after 6 months. There was a significant positive correlation between neurologic function and early hemoglobin level after 6 months of TBI (or > 1, P < 0.05); There was a significant negative correlation between NLR and good prognosis of neurological function (or < 1, P < 0.05). When the hemoglobin level of STBI patients is less than 9g / dl (90g / L), blood transfusion should be immediately corrected, which can significantly improve the prognosis of patients. Conclusion Patients with high blood NLR ratio after TBI must be alert to the possibility of disease changes, and the risk of PHI is significantly increased; STBI patients with high NLR ratio and low Hb level in the early stage have poor neurological prognosis and high mortality after 6 months. Early blood transfusion can significantly improve the prognosis.