Abstract: ob＜x＞jective To analyze the correlation between the levels of serum nuclear factor NF-E2 - associated factor (Nrf2) and serum quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Methods Fifty-two premature infants who were born in the Department of Obstetrics of Xuzhou Medical University Hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 and transferred to the Neonatal intensive care Unit (NICU) within 24 hours after birth were selected as the research subjects.According to the diagnostic criteria of BPD developed by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), the premature infants were divided into BPD group (20 cases) and non-BPD group (32 cases).Logistic regression analysis of BPD risk factors, ELISA was used to detect the levels of serum Nrf2 and NQO1 on the 1st, 7th and 14th day after birth of the two groups of children, and the ex＜x＞pression differences of the two indicators between the BPD group and the non-BPD group were compared to explore the clinical significance of Nrf2 and NQO1 in neonatal BPD disease.Results A total of 60 children conformed to inclusion criteria, and 8 cases were excluded according to the exclusion criteria.Then 52 premature infants left (BPD=20, non-BPD =32) were included in the study. Logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age, birth weight and oxygen intake time were all risk factors for BPD.The serum levels of Nrf2 and NQO1 in the BPD group were obviously higher than those in the non-BPD group at each time point, with statistical significance ( P＜0.05), and the levels of Nrf2 and NQO1 in the two groups showed an increasing trend with postnatal age.Conclusion Elevated levels of serum Nrf2 and NQO1 in premature infants early after birth may predict the occurrence of BPD, providing reference for early clinical diagnosis of BPD.