Abstract: ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise on carbonyl stress and anti-carbonyl capability in type 2 diabetic rats, and to discuss the rehabilitation function of aerobic exercise. MethodsA rat model of type 2 diabetes was established using streptozotocin and high-glucose-high-fat diet. These rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=10): type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and low- and moderate- intensity exercise (T2DML and T2DMM). The exercise groups followed corresponding exercise protocols. Meanwhile, another 10 age-matched rats were set as a control (NC). The, the levels of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced glycationend products (AGEs), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and melatonine (MT) were detected. ResultsCompared with the NC group, the T2DM group showed remarkably increases in the levels of plasma glucose, MDA and AGEs but marked decreases in SOD activities, GSH and MT levels. Compared with the T2DM group, both the T2DML and T2DMM groups produced remarkably increases in the levels of plasma glucose, MDA and AGEs but marked decreases in SOD activities, GSH and MT levels (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). ConclusionsAerobic exercise may reduce the toxic effects due to carbonyl stress and enhance the abilities against carbonyl stress, which is benefitial to improve homeostasis and prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.