Abstract: Objective To investigate the correlation between interleukin-10 receptor A (IL-10RA)gene polymorphism and Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori，Hp)infection in children．Methods A random sample of 262 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms, do carbon 13 Breath Test (13C-Urea Breath Test, 13C-UBT) inspection, according to the test results are divided into Hp infection group and the control group. In addition, saliva samples were taken to extract samples of DNA, and the polymorphic genes and distribution of IL-10RA were screened by PCR and direct sequencing.Allele distributions were compared between infected patients and controls，the association of genotypes and disease susceptibility was confirmed by Chi-Square A P value of 0．05 was used to reject the null hypothesis． Results In this study, 5 gene polymorphisms of IL-10RA were screened by rs4252249， rs2228054, rs2256111, rs2228055 and rs2229113. The genetic polymorphisms of the fourth exon were found in rs2256111 and rs2228054, with the three genotypes AA, AG and GG. Statistically, the GG genotypes had statistically significant differences between the groups ( χ2=4.394，P＜0.05；χ2=5.421 P=0.020). The difference of the allele G in the infection group and the control group was statistically significant (χ2=4.67, P ＜0.05).Conclusion The GG genotype and allele G of rs2256111 and rs2228054 of IL-10RA may be related to H. pylori infection