Abstract: Oral cavity as a popular malignancy, ranks 15 on the list of the most common seen cancers which raise people ’s awareness increasingly. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for most of the incidences of oral cavity so it is meaningful to the early diagnosis, treatment as well as finding specific tumor markers.Taking these needs into account, the writer analyzed the current situation of clinical treatment according to oral anatomy, oral histopathology, prevalence, oral and maxillofacial surgery,clinical pharmacology