Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of lithium carbonate on learning and memory improvement in mice under different stress conditions. Methods 50 mice were divided in to five groups, control group, physiological s tress group, physiological stress and lithium carbonate group, psychological stress group, psychological stress and lithium carbonate group. mouse platform tester and mouse dark avoidance instrument were used to determine the learning and memory function of mice. Results Compared with the blank control group, the learning and memory functions of physiological stress and lithium carbonate group and psychological stress and lithium carbonate group were significantly improved（P﹤0.05）,, while the learning and memory functions of physiological stress group and psychological stress group were significantly reduced ( P﹤0.05). Conclusion Lithium carbonate can improve the learning and memory function of mice under different stress conditions.