Abstract: ob＜x＞jective To investigate the risk factors on the prognosis of first-episode schizophrenia. Methods 104 first-episode schizophrenic patients who were hospitalized in Anhui mental health center from January 1, 2015 to December 30, 2015 were collected. According to the global assessment function (GAF) score during one-year follow-up after discharge, the patients were divided into good prognosis group (GP group, GAF > 60, n = 57) and poor prognosis group (PP group, GAF ≤ 60, n = 77). The demographic and clinical data of the two groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine associations between the prognosis of first-episode schizophrenia and risk factors . Results there was no significant differ ence between GP group and PP group in gender, marital status and education level (P > 0.05); there was significant difference between GP group and PP group in onset pattern ( 2 = 20.536, P = 0.000), family history ( 2 = 6.912, P = 0.009), symptom performance ( 2 = 6.912, P = 0.009) and Duration of untreated psychosis (t = -3.681, P = 0.000). After 1 year follow-up, there were significant differences between GP group and PP group in the first hospitalization effect ( 2 = 8.033, P = 0.018), treatment situation ( 2 = 4.401, P = 0.036) and rehabilitation ( 2 = 7.252, P = 0.007). Logistic multivariate analysis showed that symptoms, onset and DUP were the risk factors of the prognosis of first-episode schizophrenics were symptom performance, onset and DUP (P< 0.05). Conclusion The symptom performance, the onset pattern and the length of DUP are all the risk factors influencing the prognosis of first-episode schizophrenia.