Abstract: Diabetes is a me＜x＞tabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin produced by beta cells. Insulin -producing beta-cells promotes glycogen, fat, and protein synthesis while decreasing blood glucose. Section histopathological getting from animal experiment study indicate hypoglycemic agents or islet transplantation may promotes β-cell mass expansion and increase insulin secretion. In human clinical trials, invasive methods to obtain pancreatic tissue sections were impossible. Therefore，to develop non-invasive imaging technology for accurately estimating β- cells mass in vivo has become a research focus. In this review, a variety of techniques for tracking and imaging islet beta cells are summarized.