Abstract: ob＜x＞jective To explore the clinical effect of lithium carbonate combined with modified electroconvulsive therapy the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder (BPD). Methods A total of 60 BPD patients in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the research ob＜x＞jects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into study group and control group, 30 cases in each group. The control group was given lithium carbonate treatment, and the study group was given lithium carbonate combined with modified electroconvulsive therapy treatment. After 4 weeks of treatment, the treatment effects, serum uric acid (UA), inflammatory factors interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), plasma oxidation factors malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) levels, Bech-Rafaelsen Mania Scale (BRMS) scores, cognitive function Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) status before and after treatment and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results (1) Treatment effect and BRMS score: The total effective rate in the study group was 93.33% (28/30), which was higher than 73.33% (22/30) in the control group. After 4 weeks of treatment, the scores and total scores of the BRMS scale were lower than those of the control group ( P＜0.05); (2) Uric acid: Compared with before treatment, serum UA levels in the two groups decreased after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, and the decrease in the study group was higher (P<0.05); (3) Inflammation and oxidation: After 2 weeks of treatment and 4 weeks of treatment, the levels of serum IL-10, plasma SOD, GSH-Px and CAT in the two groups were higher than before treatment. IL-1β, TNF-α and plasma MDA were lower than before treatment, and the study group was better than the control group (P＜0.05); (4) Cognitive function: After 4 weeks of treatment, the WCST test results showed that the number of continuous responses, false responses, and continuous errors in the study group were lower than those of the control group, and the number of completed classifications was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); (5) Safety: There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups during the treatment period (P>0.05). Conclusion Lithium carbonate combined with modified electroconvulsive therapy is safe and effective in the treatment of BPD. It can significantly alleviate the manic performance of patients, improve their cognitive function, reduce uric acid, reduce inflammation in the body, and regulate antioxidant function. The overall clinical effect is ideal.