Abstract: ob＜x＞jective To analyze the pathogen characteristics of lower respiratory tract infection and lung cancer with lower respiratory tract infection, and to provide data support for clinical prevention and personalized treatment of lower respiratory tract infection. Methods From December 2018 to May 2019, a total of 630 sputum samples from patients with lower respiratory tract infection were collected in Xuzhou Central Hospital. For each sample, thirteen common pathogens of lower respiratory infection were analyzed by a commercially available loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay kit. Results A total of 630 patients with lower respiratory infections were included in this study. Pathogen characteristics detected in this study showes that the two most frequently detected pathogens are Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenza, in all patients and patients with lower respiratory tract infection without underlying disease. Lung cancer patients with lower respiratory tract infection have a higher detection rate of Haemophilus influenzae than lower respiratory tract infection patients without tumor and patients with lower respiratory tract infection without underlying disease (P=0.03). The agreement rate between the LAMP method and the culture method was 70%. These results would provide important support for prevention and personalized treatment of lower respiratory tract infection