Abstract: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a delayed and recurrent mental disorder, often triggered by traumatic events such as war, earthquakes, car accidents, or exposure to extreme stress environments. The core features of PTSD include recurrent traumatic experiences, persistent avoidance of trauma-related stimuli, hyperarousal, and associated cognitive and emotional changes, accompanied by a decline in learning and memory functions. The pathogenesis of PTSD remains unclear. Increasing evidence suggests that astrocytes play an important role in psychiatric disorders. In PTSD patients and animal models, reactive astrocytes show significant morphological and functional changes in specific brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. This article discusses the changes in the morphology and function of astrocytes in the brain during PTSD, and their roles in regulating glutamate metabolism, neurotrophic factors, other neurotransmitters, and neuroinflammatory responses, with the aim of providing new therapeutic targets for PTSD treatment.