Abstract: Objective To compare the rapid and long-term bronchiectasis effects of indacaterol and tiotropium bromide in patients with stable moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）.Methods A total of 125 patients with COPD were divided into three groups:indacaterol 150 μg group（n=42）,indacaterol 300 μg（ n=41）and tiotropium bromide group（n=42）.The following parameters were observed:forced expiratory volume in 1 second（FEV1）30 min before administration and 5 min,30 min,1 h,4 h after administration,the valley value of FEV1,6-minute walking test（6 MWT）and COPD assessment test（CAT）scores after 4 weeks of treatment. Results FEV1 in the indacaterol 150 μg_group and 300 μg group was significantly higher than that in the tiotropium bromide group（P＜0.05）at 5 min and 30 min after administration,and the FEV1 in the indacaterol 300μg group was significantly higher than that in the 150μg group at 30 min after administration（P＜0.05）.The FEV1 levels in the three groups at 1 h and4 h after administration were higher than those in the baseline.The FEV1 level in the indacaterol 300 μg group was higher than that in the indacaterol 150 μg group and the tiotropium bromide group（P＜0.05）.There was no significant difference in the FEV1 level between the indacaterol 150 μ group and the tiotropium bromide group（P＞0.05）.After4 weeks of treatment,the valley value of FEV1 in the indacaterol 300 μg group was better than that in the indacaterol 150μg group and the tiotropium bromide group（P＜0.05）.There was no significant difference between the indacaterol 150μg group and the tiotropium bromide group（P＞0.05）.After 4 weeks of continuous treatment,the CAT scores of the three groups were significantly lower than those before treatment（P＜0.05）.There was no significant difference in the decrease of CAT score between the 150 μg indacaterol group and the tiotropium bromide group（P＞0.05）.The decrease of CAT score in the indacaterol 300 μg group was more significant than that in the indacaterol 150 μg group and the tiotropium bromide group（P＜0.05）.After 4 weeks of treatment,6 MWT in the three groups increased significantly（P＜0.05）.There was no significant difference in the improvement of 6 MWT between the 150 μg indacaterol group and the tiotropium bromide group（P＜0.05）.The improvement of 6 MWT in the indacaterol 300 μg group was more significant than that in the indacaterol 150 μg group and the tiotropium bromide group（P＜0.05）.Conclusions The longterm bronchiectasis effect of low-dose indacaterol（150 μg）is similar to that of tiotropium bromide.The long-term bronchiectasis effect of high-dose indacaterol（300 μg）is better than that of low-dose indacaterol and tiotropium bromide.High-dose indacaterol is superior to low-dose indacaterol and tiotropium bromide in improving dyspnea and motor ability.