Abstract: Objective To compare the therapeutic effect between percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy（PTED）and microscopic nucleus pulposus excision（Micro）in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation（LDH）.Methods A total of 68 patients with single-segment lumbar disc herniation were included and divided into PTED group and Micro group according to the surgical method.The operative time,incision length,postoperative hospitalization time,postoperative creatine kinase（CK）level,postoperative pain Visual Analogue Scale（VAS）and Oswestry Dability Index（ODI）were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the Micro group,the PTED group had smaller incision,lower creatine kinase level and shorter postoperative hospitalization time（P＜0.05）.After 6 months of follow-up,VAS and ODI in both groups were lower than those before operation（P＜0.05）.VAS and ODI in the 2 groups were lower than before（P＜0.05）.One week after operation,the VAS score and ODI index in the PTED group were lower than those in the Micro group（P＜0.05）.Conclusions In the treatment of lumbar disc herniation,both PTED and Micro can achieve good theraputic effect,but PTED has less trauma,quicker recovery and shorter postoperative hospital stay.