Abstract: Objective To investigate the risk factors associated with recurrence of acute pancreatitis (HLAP) caused by hyperlipidemia and to provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment of HLAP. Methods A total of 80 patients with HLAP were enrolled in the study. They were divided into recurrent group (n=16) and non-recurrent group (n=64) according to the presence or absence of recurrence. Clinical data of 2 groups of patients were collected and followed up for 3 years. Serum triglyceride (TG) levels were monitored during rehabilitation. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors associated with HLAP recurrence. Results Of the 80 patients with HLAP, 16 had recurrence and the recurrence rate was 20.00%. Serum TG levels in the recurrent group were significantly higher than those in the non-recurrent group (P<0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that CT classification, hyperlipidemia classification, history of hyperlipidemia, and TG levels during rehabilitation were risk factors for HLAP recurrence. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that history of hyperlipidemia (OR=5.078, P<0.01) and TG levels during rehabilitation (OR=1.214, P<0.05) were independent risk factors of recurrent acute pancreatitis caused by hyperlipidemia. Conclusions Repeated episodes of HLAP may be associated with CT grading, hyperlipidemia, and TG levels during rehabilitation. The history of hyperlipidemia and the level of TG during rehabilitation are independent risk factors for HLAP recurrence.