胎龄对早期枸橼酸咖啡因治疗早产儿呼吸暂停的影响
Effect of gestational age on treatment of apnea in premature infants
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摘要: 目的 观察不同胎龄呼吸暂停的早产儿早期使用枸橼酸咖啡因的疗效。方法 选取胎龄28W~32W+6的早产儿80例,分为胎龄28W~29W+6组与胎龄30W~32W+6组,每组各40例,2组再随机分别分为早期治疗组20例及常规治疗组20例。早期治疗组即生后2 h内给予枸橼酸咖啡因,常规治疗组即出现呼吸暂停症状后给予枸橼酸咖啡因,比较各组患儿治疗后的临床疗效。结果 28W~32W+62组患儿比较,在首次用药时间、用药24h后呼吸暂停发生率、枸橼酸咖啡因干预时间、氧疗时间、无创呼吸机通气时间、机械通气时间、达到全胃肠内营养时间、颅内出血发生率、恢复到出生体重时间、胆汁淤积发生率方面比较,早期治疗组优于常规治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。28W~32W+62组患儿在性别、胎龄、出生体重、无创呼吸机通气率、心动过速发生率、喂养不耐受发生率方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。30W~32W+62组患儿比较早期治疗组机械通气率优于常规治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同胎龄的2组早期治疗组比较,在胎龄、出生体重、枸橼酸咖啡因干预时间、氧疗时间、机械通气率及通气时间方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在性别、首次用药时间、用药24 h后呼吸暂停发生率、无创呼吸机通气率、无创呼吸机通气时间、达到全胃肠内营养时间、颅内出血发生率、恢复到出生体重时间、心动过速发生率、喂养不耐受发生率、胆汁淤积发生率方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 早期使用枸橼酸咖啡因可降低早产儿呼吸暂停的发生率,减少并发症的发生;且胎龄越小,越早使用枸橼酸咖啡因,可缩短用氧时间、枸橼酸咖啡因的干预时间,降低机械通气率及机械通气的时间,且未见明显的枸橼酸咖啡因不良反应的出现。Abstract: Objective To observe the eff of caffeine in premature infants with different gestational age. Methods 80 premature infants with gestational age of 28-32w+6were selected and divided into 28w-29w+6 group and 30w-32w+6 group. he two groups were randomly divided into early treatment group and conventional treatment group. arly treatment groupwithin 2 hours after birthregular treatment group caffeine after apnea symptoms. Results 28w-32w+6weeks, the incidence of apnea aftetreatmen, caffeine citrate intervention time, oxygen, non-invasive ventilator ventilation time, mechanical ventilation time,enteral nutrition time, incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage, birth weight,incidence of cholestasis, the conventional treatment group (<0.05). Conclusions Early use of caffeine can reduce the incidence of premature infant, reduce complications shorten time, decrease the rate of tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilationobvious adverse caffeine reaction.