Abstract: Objective To investigate the efficacy of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in the treatment of mild acute gallstone pancreatitis (MAGP). Methods The clinical data of 65 MAGP patients were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were divided into two groups according to different treatment regimens. The control group (n=30) was treated with delayed LC, while the observation group (n=35) was treated with early LC. The surgical situations, recovery time of biochemical indexes, postoperative complications and recurrence were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 94.29%, compared with 93.33% of the control group, there was no significant difference (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference regarding the operation time and postoperative anal exsufflation time between the two groups (P>0.05). The hospital stay of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group and the hospitalization expense of observation group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference regarding the recovery time of blood and urine the amylase, white blood cell count, liver function between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference regarding the incidence of postoperative complications between the observation group (2.86%) and the control group (6.67%) (P>0.05). The postoperative one-year recurrence rate in the observation group was 5.71%, which was significantly lower than 26.67% in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions Early LC in the treatment of MAGP can shorten hospital stay, reduce hospitalization expense and patients'financial burden and reduce the postoperative recurrence rate, which is safe and feasible.