Abstract: Objective To study the clinical effect of nasal endoscopy in the treatment of inverted papilloma of the nasal cavity and sinuses and its effect on the prognosis. Methods The clinical data of 56 patients with inverted papilloma of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from February 2016 to March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the differences in treatment methods, they were divided into a study group and a conventional group. The study group received endoscopic surgery for tumor resection, while the conventional group received traditional nasal surgery for tumor resection. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative clinical efficacy of the two groups were compared and the incidence of postoperative complications were statistically analyzed. Results The operation time and intraoperative blood loss of patients in the study group were less than those in the conventional group (P<0.05). The comparison of prognostic effect between the two groups showed that the total effective rate was higher in the study group than in the conventional group, while the incidence of complications was lower in the study group than in the conventional group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The follow-up showed that the recurrence rate of patients with grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ in the study group was lower than that in the conventional group, and the recurrence rate in the study group was higher than that in the conventional group, and the total recurrence rate in the study group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group (P<0.05). Conclusions Endoscopic sinus surgery in the treatment of inverted papilloma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses can obtain better therapeutic effect, less damage to patients, easy recovery, and has high value in clinical treatment.