Abstract: Objective To investigate the influence of duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and other clinical factors on the prognosis of first-episode schizophrenia. Methods A total of 104 first-episode schizophrenic patients were divided into a group with good prognosis (GP group, GAF>60 points, n=57) and a group with poor prognosis (PP group, GAF≤60 points,n=47) according to the gross rating scale (GAF) score of 1 year follow-up after discharge. The prognostic factors of first-episode schizophrenia were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression. Results The positive rate of family history of psychiatry, the proportion of positive symptoms and acute onset of illness in the GP group was lower than that in the PP group, and DUP was lower in the GP group than that in the PP group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). After 1 year follow-up, it was found that, compared with PP group, GP group had a better effect of first hospitalization, a higher proportion of patients insisted on taking medicine, and a lower recurrence rate (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that symptoms, onset delay and DUP were all factors influencing the prognosis of first-episode schizophrenia patients (P<0.05). Conclusions The acute onset of schizophrenia is mainly manifested by positive symptoms, and the prognosis of first-episode schizophrenia patients with short DUP is better.