Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of CT-guided three-dimensional intracavitary brachytherapy in the treatment of advanced cervical cancer. Methods A total of 50 patients with advanced cervical cancer who were admitted to the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January to December 2017 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into two groups (n=25): a conventional group and a study group. The conventional group underwent conventional intracavitary brachytherapy, while the study group received CT-guided three-dimensional intracavitary brachytherapy. Both groups were compared for their therapeutic effectiveness, conformal index and adverse reactions. Results After treatment, the study group presented remarkably improved clinical effectiveness and conformal index, compared with the conventional group (P<0.05). Furthermore, there was no statistical difference in the incidence of acute toxicity between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions CT-guided three-dimensional intracavitary brachytherapy is a recommended approach in the treatment of advanced cervical cancer, which is safe and effective, with high accuracy.