Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of graphic traceability system on the removal of internal plants in patients with humeral shaft fractures. Methods This was a prospective randomized controlled study. A total of 78 patients were randomly divided into two groups (n=39): an experiment group (using a traceable system) and a control group (using traditional record method). Both groups were compared for the accurate rate of intraoperative information matching, operation time, and incision size, blood loss, drainage volume, complication rate, the length of hospitalization stay and postoperative VAS scores. Results There was no significant difference in baseline data such as age, height and body weight between the experimental group and the control group (P>0.05). However, the experimental group showed a better accurate rate of preoperative information matching, shorter operation time, shorter incision size, less intraoperative blood loss and lower postoperative VAS scores than the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the length of hospitalization stay, postoperative drainage volume and complications. Conclusions The graphic traceable system has obvious advantages over traditional recording methods. It can increase the efficiency and accuracy of preoperative information retrieval, reduce the surgical trauma of internal fixation for humeral shaft fracture and accelerate the recovery of patients.