Abstract: Ferroptosis is a recently discovered manner of cell procedural death, which is mainly attributable to the accumulation of lipid peroxides dependent on intracellular iron. Ferroptosis is greatly different from in morphological, biochemical and genetic aspects. Programmed cell death is crucial in promoting human development and maintaining the balance of internal environment. Recent studies have found that ferroptosis is closely related to the development of degenerative diseases in the nervous system, cerebrovascular sclerosis and brain tumors, which may provide a new direction and targets for exploring the mechanisms of nervous system diseases and drug treatment. The current review is to summarize the mechanism of ferroptosis and its important role in the development of neurological diseases.