Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and subcutaneous injection of SVF-gel on the skin of photoaging nude mice. Methods A nude mouse model of skin photoaging was successfully established. Then, 20 ml adipose tissue was selected for the preparation of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and SVF-gel, which were subcutaneously injected into the photoaging skin on the back of nude mice. The improvement of the back skin of the nude mice was observed one, two, and four weeks after treatment. Results After treatment with SVF-gel and SVF, the treatment group presented remarkable improvement in the wrinkles, texture, pigmentation, and telangiectasis of the back skin compared with the control group. According to HE and Masson staining, the treatment group showed increases in epidermal thickness and the number of collagen and elastic fibers in the dermis, compared with the control group. After treatment, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased in the skin of nude mice, while the MDA level in the SVF-gel group was significantly lower than those in the SVF group and the control group (P<0.05). The amounts of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) increased, while the level of GPX in the SVF-gel group was significantly higher than those in the SVF group and the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group and the SVF group, the content of collagen-I (Col-I) in the SVF-gel group significantly increased (P<0.05), while the expression of cell migration induced hyaluronan-binding protein (CEMIP) decreased in the treatment group (P<0.05). Conclusions SVF and SVF-gel have obvious repair effects on the mice with photoaging skin, where the improvement effect of SVF-gel is superior to SVF.