Abstract: Objective To explore the clinical effect of lithium carbonate combined with modified electroconvulsive therapy on patients with bipolar disorder (BPD) and their inflammatory oxidative factors .Methods A total of 60 BPD patients in the Fourth People's Hospital of Yulin from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected as subjects. According to the random number table method, they were randomly divided into two groups (n=30): a study group and a control group. The control group was treated with lithium carbonate, while the study group was treated with lithium carbonate combined with modified electroshock. After four weeks of treatment, both groups were compared for their therapeutic effects, dosage of lithium carbonate and the levels of serum inflammatory oxidation factor, such as interleukin-1β(IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) before and after treatment. Furthermore, their Bech rafaelsen mania scale (BRMS) scores and adverse reactions were recorded. Results The total effective rate in the study group was 93.33% (28/30), which was higher than 73.33% (22/30) in the control group. The dosage of lithium carbonate was less than that in the control group. After four weeks of treatment, the BRMS score was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). After four weeks of treatment, the levels of serum SOD in the two groups were higher than those before treatment, while IL-1β, TNF-α and serum MDA levels were lower than those before treatment, where the study group was better than the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions Lithium carbonate combined with modified electroshock is safe and effective in the treatment of BPD. It can significantly alleviate the manic performance of patients, reduce the inflammatory reaction and regulate antioxidant function. The dosage of lithium carbonate is less, and the overall clinical effect is ideal.