Abstract: Objective To investigate the mechanism of silencing information regulator factor 1 (SIRT1) in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. Methods Cell experiments:Immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to observe the effects of SIRT1 agonist resveratrol (RSV), inhibitor Nicotianamine (NA) and sirNA-SIRT1 co-cultured with neural stem cells (24 h) on the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells and the changes of β-catenin nuclear translocation of neural cells.Animal experiments: adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the following groups: a Sham operation (Sham) group, an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group, a solvent control group and treatment groups. The treatment groups were injected with RSV or NA. Furthermore, β-catenin nuclear translocation in each group was detected by Western blot. Results RSV promoted the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons, while NA inhibited the differentiation of neural stem cells into astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, but RSV and NA did not affect the differentiation of neural stem cells into astrocytes and oligodendrocytes.It was found that appropriate RSV promoted β-catenin to the nucleus, which was reversed by SIRT1 siRNA treatnment.After cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, appropriate RSV promoted β-catenin to the nucleus, which was inhibited by NA treatment. Conclusions SIRT1 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells by regulating the nuclear translocation of β-catenin.