Abstract: Objective To analyze the distribution of HPV types and pathogenic microorganisms in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma and condyloma acuminatum through detection of HPV virus and female genital tract pathogens, and to explore the potential correlation.Methods A total of 80 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma who were admitted to Dongguan Dalang Hospital from January 2020 to August 2022 were selected as the cervical carcinoma group. Meanwhile, another 80 female patients who were admitted to our hospital and diagnosed with condyloma acuminatum were selected as the condyloma acuminatum group. Their HPV typing and genital tract pathogenic microorganisms were detected to observe the distribution of HPV types and genital tract pathogenic microorganism, and their correlation was analyzed.Results Infections with HPV16, HPV18, HSVⅡ and Ureaplasma urealyticum(UU) were predominant in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma, where HPV16 infection rate was 62.12%, HPV18 infection rate was 21.21%, HSVⅡ infection rate was 28.75%, and UU infection rate was 13.75%. In contrast, infections with HPV6, HPV11, UU and chlamydia trachomatis(CT) were predominant in patients with condyloma acuminatum, where HPV6 infection rate was 44.90%, HPV11 infection rate was 38.78%, UU infection rate was 38.75%, and CT infection rate was 17.50%. The HPV positive rate was higher in the cervical carcinoma group than that in the condyloma acuminatum group(82.50% vs 61.25%, P<0.05). The cervical carcinoma group showed a remarkable lower positive rate of pathogenic microorganisms than the condyloma acuminatum group(53.75% vs 71.25%, P<0.05). The CT and UU positive rates in HPV-positive patients of the cervical carcinoma group were significantly lower than those in HPV-positive patients of the condyloma acuminatum group(P<0.05), while the HSVⅡ positive rate in HPV-positive patients of the cervical carcinoma group was significantly higher than that in HPV-positive patients of the condyloma acuminatum group(P<0.05). The UU and HSVⅡ infection rates in HPV-negative patients of the cervical carcinoma group was significantly higher than those in HPV-positive patients of the condyloma acuminatum group(P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between HPV16, HPV18, HPV52, HPV58, HPV33, HPV11, HPV45, HPV6, HPV59 and CT, UU and HSVⅡ(P<0.05).Conclusions HPV16 and HPV18 subtypes and pathogenic microorganisms HSVⅡ and UU are predominate in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma, while HPV6 and HPV11 subtypes and pathogenic microorganisms UU and CT are predominate in patients with condyloma acuminatum. HPV subtypes are positively correlated with CT, UU and HSVⅡ.