Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of graphene oxide on the proliferation and migration of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and the effect of the combined use of graphene oxide and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on diabetic wounds.Methods The cytotoxicity of graphene oxide was examined by MMT assay. The effect of graphene oxide on the proliferation and migration of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells was evaluated by EdU assay and would healing assay. Then, a diabetic wound model of nude mice was established, and the successfully modeled mice were injected with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells at the edge of the wounds. The effect of graphene oxide on the survival of adipose-mesenchymal stem cells was detected by the LB983 in vivo imaging system. The healing of the wounds was observed on days 1, 7 and 14 after injection. The healing effect of adipose-mesenchymal stem cells co-cultured with graphene oxide on the wounds of diabetic nude mice was verified by hematoxylin and eosin (H-E) staining.Results According to cell experiments, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured in a high-glucose environment exhibited stronger proliferation and migration abilities after exposure to graphene oxide. In animal experiments, graphene oxide co-cultured with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells improved the survival rate of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the diabetic wounds of nude mice.Conclusions Graphene oxide can promote the proliferation and migration of adipose mesenchymal stem cells on diabetic wounds, which is a good auxiliary material for treating diabetic wounds.