Abstract: Interstitial lung diseases are a heterogeneous group of diseases that share the common features of pathological changes such as inflammatory infiltration, fibrosis, and cell proliferation involving the interstitium of the lungs. The clinical etiology of the disease is not yet fully understood, especially during acute exacerbation, and the prognosis of patients tends to be poor. The combined use of proteomics and metabolomics holds promise as a powerful tool for screening novel biomarkers for interstitial lung diseases. In this paper, we review the application of proteomics and metabolomics techniques in interstitial lung disease research, in order to clarify the current status of research and provide an outlook on future research directions.