Abstract: MicroRNA (miRNA) is an endogenous non-coding regulatory RNA that participates in the process of tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion or angiogenesis through regulation of post-transcriptional level of target genes. Studies showed miR-296-5p is a typical multifunctional microRNA. miR-296-5p is closely related with the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of various malignant tumors. In this paper, we review current research advances on miR-296-5p in various malignant tumors.