Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the colonization and high risks of group B Streptococcus (GBS) in perinatal women in Mianyang area, so as to prevent and control GBS infection in perinatal women and neonates. MethodsPregnant women in the third trimester who were examined in our hospital from October 2016 to April 2017 were enrolled. Their vaginal and rectal samples were collected for GBS colonization, separation, identification and drug resistance test. The GBS colonization and tolerance were analyzed. The high risks of GBS colonization were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. ResultsThe positive rate of GBS colonization was 11.29% (77/682). There was no significant difference between the two groups in age, pregnancy history, gestational diabetes, and gestational hypertension (P>0.05). Gestational thyroid dysfunction was a high risk factor for perinatal GBS colonization (OR=0.398, 95% CI:0.205~0.774, P=0.007). The resistance rates of GBS to erythromycin, clindamycin, levofloxacin and tetracycline were 74.03%, 67.53%, 53.25%, and 10.39% respectively. No GBS resistant stains to penicillin, cefotaxime and vancomycin were screened out. ConclusionsIt is necessary to perform GBS screening for women in the third trimester of pregnancy in the local area, especially for those with thyroid dysfunction. Penicillin can be used as the first choice for preventative treatment of GBS infection for perinatal women.