Abstract: ObjectiveTo observe the safety and effectiveness of oxycodone hydrochloride for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in patients after cesarean section. MethodsA total of 60 patients (ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ) scheduled for cesarean section from August to December 2016 in our hospital were selected. They underwent combined spinal epidural anesthesia followed by postoperative PCA. The patients were randomly divided into two groups (n=30): Group S which received 2 g/kg sufentanil citrate injection and 5 mg tropisetron in 100 ml normal saline and Group O which were given 0.5 mg/kg oxycodone hydrochloride injection and 5 mg tropisetron in 100 ml normal saline. The background infusion rate was 2 ml/h, the PCA amount was 0.5 ml, and the locking time was 15 min. Then, the incision pain, uterine contraction pain and Ramsay score were recorded 6, 12, 24 and 48 after surgery. Meanwhile, the time and doses of remediation were also recorded. The incidence of adverse reactions within 48 h was recorded. ResultsGroup O showed remarkably decreased VAS scores of uterine contraction pain compared with Group S at each time point after operation (P<0.05). The Ramsay score of Group O was significantly lower than that of Group S 6 h and 12 h after operation (P<0.05). The incidence of nausea, vomiting and itchy skin was not statistical different between the two groups (P>0.05). The frequency of remedial measures used in Group S was significantly high than that in Group O (P<0.05). ConclusionOxycodone hydrochloride injection is safe and effective for PCA in patients after cesarean section, with a low incidence of adverse reactions.