Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of urokinase injection combined with manual massage in the treatment of arteriovenous fistula thrombosis. MethodsArteriovenous fistula thrombosis was reported in six patients at nine sites. Then, a single injection of urokinase and manual massage and conventional low molecular weight heparin and aspirin were performed. Then, the efficacy and adverse reactions of thrombolysis were observed. ResultsAll the patients were successfully treated. Local hemorrhage was reported in one case, with a bleeding rate of 11.1%, which was improved after hemostasis by compression, and no serious complication occurred. ConclusionsA simple injection of urokinase combined with manual massage is an easy approach to treat arteriovenous fistula thrombosis, with short dissolution time, less adverse reactions, but a high successful rate.