Abstract: Objective To compare the clinical effects of total laryngectomy and partial laryngectomy in the treatment of advanced laryngeal cancer. Methods The clinical data of 78 patients with advanced laryngeal carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the partial laryngectomy group and the total laryngectomy group, including 42 in the partial laryngectomy group and 36 in the total laryngectomy group. The survival rate, recurrence rate and laryngeal function recovery of the two groups were compared by reading case data, outpatient review and telephone follow-up. The quality of life of the patients was assessed by the University of Washington Quality of life questionnaire (UW-QOL). Results The 1 and 3 year survival rates of the partial laryngectomy group were 90.48% and 76.19% ,the 1 and 3 year survival rates of the total laryngectomy group were 94.44% and 77.78% ,and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). 1 and 3 year tumor recurrence rate of partial laryngectomy group were 19.05% and 33.33%, that of the total laryngectomy group were 8.33% and 22.22%, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The quality of life scores of the partial laryngectomy group were higher than those of the total laryngectomy group in appearance, work and verbal communication , and the total score was significantly higher than that of the total laryngectomy group (P < 0.01). Conclusions Partial laryngectomy can improve the quality of life of patients with advanced laryngeal cancer，the 3 year survival rate is not different from that of patients undergoing total laryngectomy, and the recurrence of laryngeal cancer is easy to recur, so regular review should be taken and timely surgical treatment of recurrent tumor should be performed