Abstract: Objective To evaluate the application of quality control circle (QCC) in reducing the incidence of complications of neonates with peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs). MethodsNeonates who were successfully place with PICC in the neonatal intensive care unit were divided into two groups: a control group (n=72) and an observation group (n=68). The control group received routine nursing care, while the observation group was provided with QCC activities in addition to routine nursing care. Both groups were compared for the incidence of complications and unscheduled extubation. ResultsCompared with the control, the observation group showed significant decreases in the incidences of catheter blockage, catheter prolapse, ectopic catheter and catheter-related infection (P<0.05). Compared with the control, a significantly decreased incidence of unscheduled extubation was found in the observation group (P<0.05). ConclusionsQCC activities can effectively reduce the incidence of complications and unscheduled extubation, which is worth to be applied and promoted in neonatal clinical nursing.