Abstract: adenomyosis often occurs in women of childbearing age. The main manifestations are significantly increased menstruation, prolonged menstruation, and progressive dysmenorrhea. Among them, dysmenorrhea is one of the main symptoms and quality of life in patients with clinically, and pathogenesis of dysmenorrhea is unclear, the main focus of modern medical research is the basal layer of the endometrium function disorders, neurogenic inflammation, immune factors, genetic abnormalities, hormone response factors. This article reviews the recent advances in the pathogenesis related pathogenesis of adenomyosis dysmenorrhea.