Abstract: Objective: To conduct a questionnaire survey on students in a college in Wuhu to describe the prevalence of college students’ psychological injury and explore relating factors of self-harm behaviors. Methods: The cluster sampling method was conducted and 1300 students were surveyed. The influencing factors of self-harm behaviors were analyzed by Chi-square test and Logistic regression. Results: A total of 1,294 people were surveyed in this study, including 105 males (8.11%) and 1189 females (91.89%). Psychological injury caused by self-harm behavior of 334 people (25.81%). The per capita monthly household income was negatively correlated with psychological injury caused by self-harm, father emotional warmth and understanding as a protective factor, father excessive interference and mother refused, denied as risk factors (OR=0.862,95%CI= 0.746-0.997; OR=0.963,95%CI= 0.949~0.977; OR=1.130, 95%CI= 1.063-1.202; OR= 1.071, 95%CI= 1.026-1.19). Conclusion: The per capita monthly household income, father emotional warmth and understanding, father excessive interference and mother refused, denied were related to psychological injury caused by college students.