Abstract: Objective To investigate effectiveness and safety of early inhalation of recombinant human interferon α1b on children,s bronchiolitis. Methods bronchiolitis children treated in our department from November 2016 to January 2018 were randomly divided into early low-dose group, early high-dose group, late low-dose group, late high-dose group and control group. The control group was given symptomatic treatment; the early low-dose group received inhalation recombinant human interferon α1b 2ug/(kg.time), 2times/d, within 72 hours based on the control group; the early high-dose group received inhalation recombinant human interferon α1b 4ug/(kg.time), 2times/d, within 72 hours based on the control group; the late low-dose group received inhalation recombinant human interferon α1b 2ug/(kg.time), 2times/d, after 72 hours based on the control group; the late high-dose group received inhalation recombinant human interferon α1b 4ug/(kg.time), 2times/d, after 72 hours based on the control group. Each group was observed for 7 days, and the efficacy index, safety index, improvement rate and the disappearance time of clinical symptoms in each group were compared, and SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The cough score on day 7, the wheezing score on days 6-7, the three-depression signs score on days 3-5, the wheezing rale score on days 4-7, and total scores on days 6-7 in early high-dose group were significantly lower than those of control group(P＜0.05＜0.05＜0.05＜0.05＜0.05α1b in treatment of children,s bronchiolitis can reduce clinical symptoms, improve the rate of improvement and cure rates, with no safety problem