Abstract: Objective To study the plasma levels of fibrinogen(FIB), D-dimer(DD) and antithrombin Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ）in pregnant women before caesarian section and their asphyxia neonates so as to detect the relationgship of mother’s blood coagulation with neonatal asphyxia. Methods 67 pairs of gravidas- neonates by caesarian section who were admitted in our hospital from January 2015 to June 2017 were enrolled in this study. They were divided into group ABC. Group #基金项目：江苏省妇幼健康科研项目（F201649），南通市卫计委科研项目（WQ2016071） *通讯作者，E-mail：Francis_nt@163.com A enrolled gravidas with both hazardous disease and fetal distress also, and neonates with asphyxia, group B enrolled gravidas with bith hazardous disease and fetal distress, and healthy neonates, group C as the control group, gravidas and neonates were healthy. To discriminate and analyze the serum levels of FIB, DD and AT-Ⅲ in all gravidas and babies. Analyze the correlation about the plasma levels of the three indexes between gravidas and neonates in group A. Receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to detect the ability of the three indexes in the prediction of neonatal asphyxia. Results 1. Both gravidas and neonates in group A had higher DD levels（F=5.64、6.23，P <0.01）. Gravidas in group A had higher plasma levels of AT-Ⅲ, and gravidas in group B had lower levels. There had no obvious difference of AT-Ⅲ levels in the three neonatal groups. Both gravidas and neonates in group A had lower FIB levels compared with group C, and had no obvious difference with group B. 2. Between the pregnant women and their neonates by caesarian section in group A, the serum DD levels were found with positive correlation（r=0.429，P <0.05）, and the levels of DD and AT-Ⅲ were not. 3. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of pregnant women’ serum DD levels was 0.902, sensitivity 88%, specificity 76.2%; AUC of AT-Ⅲ levels was 0.819, specificity 92%; AUC of serum FIB was 0.627. Conclusion The DD levels of pregnant women had the ability in the prediction of neonatal asphyxia sensitively, and it may help to judge the time of caesarian section to prevent neonatal asphyxia, especially when combined with the levels of AT-Ⅲ and FIB.