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    徐州市60例COVID-19的流行特点和临床表现

    Epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestation of COVID-19:60 cases in Xuzhou

    • 摘要: 目的 了解徐州地区2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的流行情况和临床特征,为疾病的预防控制提供基础,并为以后的机制研究提供线索。方法 从住院电子病历中获取本院核酸检测阳性的60例COVID-19感染者的资料,描述病例的人口学特点、流行情况、临床症状、实验室检查指标,胸部CT表现和治疗情况。结果 60例COVID-19病例的中位平均年龄是39.5岁,主要集中于15~49岁。男女比例为22/38。83.3%的病例是普通型, 71.7%的患者是在本地接触COVID-19病例感染,17例(28.3%)为疫区接触感染。患者的主要症状有发热(63.3%)、胸闷(48.3%)、咳痰(41.7%)、咳嗽(31.7%)等;咯血(1.7%)和肌痛/关节痛(5.0%)比较少见;有20%的患者伴有高血压等其他疾病。实验室检查异常的指标有白细胞(28.3%)、中性粒细胞(28.3%)和淋巴细胞减少(46.7%),C反应蛋白(40.0%)和乳酸脱氢酶升高(33.3%),低白蛋白血症(48.3%)、低钾(38.3%)和凝血酶原时间延长(41.7%)。抗体IgM和IgG的阳性率分别为71.7%和53.3%。CT检查中最常见的异常为磨玻璃结节(86.7%)和间质病变(40%),双侧病变多于单侧。经过系统化治疗后,所有的患者都痊愈并出院。结论 COVID-19普遍易感,徐州市传染病医院收治的患者大部分集中在青壮年,发热为最常见的症状。入院时淋巴细胞减少、C反应蛋白升高为常见的实验室检查异常,而CT检查最常见的病变为磨玻璃结节。

       

      Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence and clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Xuzhou, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of the disease and offer clues for further mechanism studies. Methods Clinical data were collected from 60 COVID-19 patients positive in nucleic acid test in Xuzhou Infectious Diseases Hospital. The information on demographic, epidemiological and clinical characteristics, laboratory test indicators, chest CT manifestation, and treatment was analyzed. Results For these 60 COVID-19 patients, the median age was 39.5 years, ranging from 15 to 49 years old, with a male/female sex ratio of 22/38. Moreover, 83.3% patients were common cases, while 71.7% patients were infected due to contact with local COVID-19 patients. Meanwhile, 17 patients (28.3%) were infected due to contact with COVID-19 patients in epidemic areas. The main symptoms included fever (63.3%), chest distress (48.3%), expectoration (41.7%) and cough (31.7%), while hemoptysis (1.7%) and myalgia or arthralgia (5.0%) were uncommon, and 20% patients suffered from other diseases such as hypertension. According to laboratory examination, 46.7% patients had lymphocytopenia, 28.3% had leukopenia and neutropenia; 40.0% had elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and 33.3% had elevated lactate dehydrogenase; 48.3% had hypoalbuminemia, 38.3% had low potassium,and 41.7% had extended prothrombin time.The positive rate of IgM and IgG was 71.7% and 53.3%, respectively. According to CT examination, the most common problems were ground-glass opacity (86.7%) and interstitial abnormalities (40%), with more bilateral loci. All patients recovered and were discharged after systematic treatment. Conclusions All patients are generally susceptible to COVID-19. Most of COVID-19 patients in our hospital are young adults, with most common symptom of fever. On admission, lymphocytopenia and elevated CRP are commonly seen for laboratory examination, while ground-glass opacity is the most common issue for CT scanning.

       

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