Application of comprehensive geriatric assessment in screening the risk factors of sarcopenia in octogenarians

Objective To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of sarcopenia in octogenarian by comprehensive geriatric assessment(CGA).Methods A total of 718 elderly patients who were admitted to Jiangyin People's Hospital were selected. According to their age, they were divided into two groups: a non-octogenarian group(< 80 years old, n=288) and an octogenarian group(≥80 years old, n=430). The incidence of sarcopenia in the two groups was observed. The octogenarian patients were further divided into two groups: a non-sarcopenia group(n=222) and a sarcopenia group(n=208). CGA was used for comprehensive evaluation. Both groups were compared for general information, laboratory test indexes, geriatric comorbidity, and geriatric syndrome. The influencing factors of sarcopenia in the octogenarians were analyzed by binary Logistic regression.Results The prevalence of sarcopenia in the octogenarian group was significantly higher than that in the non-octogenarian group(P<0.05). There were statistical differences between the sarcopenia and the non-sarcopenia groups as to age, marriage, smoking history, body mass index(BMI), comorbidity index, the number of drugs taken, activities of daily living, social participation, weakness, hearing impairment, visual impairment, cognitive impairment, sleep disorder, depression, nutritional risk, constipation, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose and uric acid(P<0.05). According to the binary Logistic regression analysis, marriage, smoking history, BMI, total cholesterol, comorbidity index, weakness, hearing impairment, cognitive dysfunction, and depression were the influencing factors of sarcopenia in octogenarians(P<0.05).Conclusions The incidence of sarcopenia is high in octogenarians. CGA can comprehensively screen the influencing factors of sarcopenia in octogenarians and provide reliable evidence for formulating individualized prevention and treatment programs.