Relationship between serum sHLAG, PGⅠ, PGⅡ and early gastric cancer and their combined diagnostic value with narrow band imaging

Objective To investigate the relationship of serum soluble human leukocyte antigen-G (sHLAG), pepsinogen Ⅰ(PGⅠ), pepsinogen Ⅱ (PGⅡ) with early gastric cancer and the combined diagnostic value with narrow band imaging (NBI). Methods A total of 182 patients with gastric mucosal lesions who were treated in Cangzhou People's Hospital from March 2019 to April 2023 were selected, where 80 gastric cancer patients and 102 benign gastric lesions patients were pathologically diagnosed. Before pathological examination, the levels of serum sHLAG, PGⅠ, PGⅡ and NBI were examined.Results The gastric cancer group showed higher levels of serum sHLAG and PGⅡ and lower levels of PGⅠthan the gastric benign lesion group (P＜0.05). There were significant differences in the levels of sHLAG, PGⅠand PGⅡ among gastric cancer patients with different TNM, differentiation degree, tumor diameter and invasion degree (P＜0.05). According to Kendall's tau-b correlation analysis, sHLAG and PGⅡ were positively correlated with TNM, differentiation degree, tumor diameter and invasion degree (P＜0.05), while PGⅠwas negatively correlated with TNM, differentiation degree, tumor diameter and invasion degree (P＜0.05). The diagnostic rate and sensitivity of the four combined indexes were higher than those of sHLAG, PGⅠ, PGⅡ and NBI alone (P＜0.05).Conclusions The expression of serum sHLAG, PGⅠ and PGⅡ is abnormal in patients with early gastric cancer, and their combination with NBI is beneficial to improve the diagnostic efficiency of early gastric cancer.